The short answer
Demurrage is charged by the shipping line when a full container stays in the port beyond its free days. Detention is charged when the container, once taken out, is returned late as an empty. Terminal storage (rent) is charged by the terminal for cargo left beyond its free period. All three are avoided by preparing documents early and planning delivery and container return.
Three clocks, three bills
| Charge | Charged by | Clock runs while |
|---|---|---|
| Demurrage | Shipping line | Full container remains in the port after free days |
| Detention | Shipping line | Container is outside the port, until the empty is returned |
| Storage / rent | Terminal operator | Cargo stays at the terminal after its free period |
Some lines combine demurrage and detention into one allowance of free days. Check your line's tariff and your contract.
Why overstays happen
- Documents or permits not ready on arrival
- Duty payment delayed
- Examination or valuation query
- No truck booked for the release date
- Consignee not ready to unload, so the container sits at site
Seven ways to avoid overstay charges
- Negotiate free days when you book freight.
- Send documents during the voyage.
- Get permits before shipment.
- Have duty funds ready.
- Book trucks for the release day.
- Unload quickly at site.
- If goods must wait, strip into a warehouse and return the container.
Estimate your exposure with the demurrage calculator.
Frequently asked questions
What is the difference between demurrage and detention?
Demurrage is for a full container staying in the port; detention is for a container kept outside the port too long.
Can demurrage be waived?
Occasionally, at the shipping line's discretion. Planning to avoid it is far more reliable.
Do I pay storage and demurrage at the same time?
Yes, they can run simultaneously because they are charged by different parties.
